Dominion of Canada

Capital:

Ottawa

Government type:

Democratic, Liberal

Faction:

Allies

Canada is a British Dominion, member of the British Commonwealth, and regional power in North America.

Historical background

During the First World War, Canada automatically entered the conflict on the side of the Entente as a semi-independent dominion of the British Empire. With the Statute of Westminster in 1931, Canada was transformed into a sovereign nation, though remaining a key member of the British Commonwealth with strong ties to its parent country. Canada followed Britain's declaration of war against Germany on the 10 September 1939, its first independent declaration of war.

Canada's military in 1939 was small, poorly-equipped, and technologically outdated, despite measures taken by the government of Mackenzie King in 1936 to gradually increase the gutted defense budget. After the outbreak of war, Britain placed responsibility for the protection of North America in Canadian hands, and the nation placed military expansion and modernization as a top priority.

By the war's end over 15% of all Canadian citizens would serve in uniform (out of a prewar population of 11 million) and Canada would possess the fourth-largest air force and fifth-largest naval surface fleet in the world. Canada's industrial contribution to the war was highly significant, particularly in the form of raw materials and motorized vehicles (Canada was the second-largest producer of wheeled vehicles after the United States). Canadian troops fought on all fronts in Western Europe, particularly in Italy and in France, during and after D-Day.

Events

Main article: Canadian events

National focus

Canada's unique NF tree (part of the Together for Victory expansion).

Main article: Canadian national focus tree

Canada, along with other nations of the British commonwealth, gets a unique national focus tree as part of the Together for Victory expansion. Without the expansion, Canada utilizes the Generic national focus tree.

Canada's unique focus tree has six main branches:

Industrial and Internal Politics: A large, interwoven tree that serves to increase industrial capacity, resource availability and to lift the country out of the Great Depression. This first part of the tree is the most powerful, but most of it is locked behind War Bonds and Defense Regulations, which respectively require war and some world tension. These focuses should be picked as they become available to start the industrial expansion. Another key focus is Commit to War, which is necessary for any conscription law above Volunteer Only and mitigates the Great Depression penalties. Finally, the Canadian player must choose between Send In the Zombies to significantly increase their manpower pool, or National Steel Car to unlock their full industrial potential.
Army Modernization: The ground forces branch. Focuses on research bonuses for infantry, armor, artillery and support divisions. Requires Send In the Zombies from the industrial tree for the last focus tiers.
Strengthen the Commonwealth Ties: The historical path. Keeps Canada within the Allies, providing bonuses to Commonwealth technology sharing and other buffs to industry and resources.
Patriation: Canada severs ties with the United Kingdom, thereby allowing allowing Canada to leave the Allies. The first, democratic branch builds an alliance with the United States; the others are the fascist and communist paths. A notable option in the fascist branch is to bring Mexico over to fascism and mount a two-pronged invasion against the United States.
RCAF Station Borden: Provides bonuses to radar, aircraft and air doctrine research.
Halifax Shipyards: Focuses on the Canadian Navy, giving bonuses to ship model and naval doctrine research.

Geography and geology

Bordered on the east and west by expansive oceans, Canada is relatively secure from amphibious invasions if playing on the Allied side. Additionally, the United States is directly to the south of Canada. In a traditional game (i.e., the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada are all members of the same faction), Canada's geography virtually ensures that it is safe from attack. And if it is attacked, the United States is right next door to assist. Thus, Canada does not necessarily need to build up defensive forces on its borders. This allows Canada to specialize on a specific unit type that will help its faction. Alternatively, because it is in a relatively safe corner of the world, Canada can choose not to produce units, but instead funnel its production to countries on the front lines via the lend lease diplomatic action. Canada's special location on the map allows players to experiment with various strategies and decisions unique to Canada.

Canada's geology and great size bestows the country with mineral wealth. Canada is an oil producing country. Its most productive oil fields were the Turner Valley oil fields which had been discovered on 14 May 1914. Production at Turner Valley peaked in 1942 at about 10 million barrels which constituted about 95% of Canada’s oil production and represented 0.48% of world crude oil production in 1942. The downside of the increased production was, as feared by the industry insiders, the lowering of the gas pressure, which ultimately shortened the productive life of the field.

Technology

Canada starts with three of the four 1918 technologies, along with eight technologies from 1933, 1934, and 1936, and the two smallest ship designs, destroyer and cruiser, from 1936 and 1922, respectively. This means Canada essentially starts with most of the first tier equipment technologies. Canada also begins with technologies under the Grand Battleplan land doctrine and Fleet in Being naval doctrine trees. Notably, Canada also begins with Light Tank I (1934), the first step up from the 1918 Great War Tank.

Army Technology	Naval Technology	Air Technology	Electronics & Industry
SAL Rifle No.4 MkI (Infantry Eq. I) Engineer Company I Recon Company I Vickers II (Light Tank I) QF 18-pounder (Towed Artillery I)	1936 Destroyer Hull Basic Depth Charges (Depth charges I) Early Cruiser Hull 3x450mm Torpedo Launcher (Torpedo Rack I) 105mm RF. Cannon (Light Battery II) 14.5cm Cannon (Light Cruiser Battery I) 17cm Cannon (Medium Battery I) 28cm Cannon (Heavy Battery I) Transports Contact Mines	Gloster Gladiator (Interwar Fighter) Armstrong Whitworth Whitley (Interwar Bomber) Fairey Swordfish (Naval Bomber I)	None
Doctrines
Grand Battleplan	Fleet in Being	None

Naval Technology Without Man the Guns
V/W Class (Destroyer I) Upgraded Sanguenay Class C Class (Light Cruiser I) Transport Ship

Cosmetic names

Canada, being a British dominion, shares most of their technologies and equipment with the United Kingdom, but still fields equipment that separates it from its mother country. Note that generic names are not listed.

Infantry & motorized techs
Type	1918	1936	1938	1939	1940	1942	1943	1944
Support Weapons	Vickers MG & Stokes mortar		Lewis Mk. III DEMS & SBML two-inch mortar		Bren Mk. I & ML 3 inch mortar	Bren Mk. III & ML 4.2 inch Mortar
Infantry Equipment	Ross Rifle	SAL Rifle No.4 MkI		M50 Reising		Johnson M44
Infantry Anti-Tank						Boys Anti-Tank Rifle	PIAT
Motorized		Austin K5
Mechanized					Stuart Kangaroo	Ram Kangaroo		Churchill Kangaroo

Armor techs
Tech year	Light (TD/SPG/AA)	Medium (TD/SPG/AA)	Modern (TD/SPG/AA)	Heavy (TD/SPG/AA)	Super-Heavy (TD/SPG/AA)
1918	Mark V
1934	Vickers II (Deacon / Birch / Vickers II AA)			Vickers (NA / Gun Carrier Mk. I / NA)
1936	Matilda LP (Valiant / Priest / Matilda AA)
1939		Crusader LP (Cavalier / (Centaur / Crusader AA)
1940
1941	Valentine (Archer / Bishop / Valentine AA)	Ram (Ram QF 3.7 inch / Sexton / Cromwell AA)		Churchill LP ( Churchill Gun Carrier / Churchill AVRE / Churchill AA )
1942
1943		Grizzly (Contentious / Sexton II / Skink)		Black Prince LP (Hector / M40 GMC / Black Prince Marksman)	Tortoise (Iron Duke/ NA / NA)
1945			Centurion (Centurion Malkara / Centurion AVRE / Centurion Marksman)

Artillery techs
Tech year	Anti-Air	Artillery	Rocket Artillery	Anti-Tank
1934		QF 18-pounder
1936	QF 3-inch			QF 2-pounder
1939		QF 25-pounder
1940	QF 40 mm Bofors		RP-3 HE/GP	QF 6-pounder
1942		BL 5.5-inch Medium Gun
1943	QF 3.7-inch		RP-3 HE/SAP	QF 17-pounder

Aircraft techs
Tech year	Close Air Support (Carrier)	Fighter (Carrier)	Naval Bomber (Carrier)	Heavy Fighter	Tactical Bomber	Strategic Bomber
1933		Gladiator (Nimrod)			B-18 Bolo
1936	Hector (Osprey)	Hurricane (Sea Gladiator)	Swordfish (Shark)	Blenheim	Wellington	Halifax
1940	Typhoon (Skua)	Spitfire (Fulmar)	Albacore (Roc)	Beaufighter	Beaufort	Lancaster
1944	Tempest (Sea Fury)	Spiteful (Firefly)	Barracuda (Firebrand)	Mosquito FB	Mosquito B	Lincoln
Jet Engine Technology
1945		Meteor			Venom
1950		Canuck			Canberra	Valiant

Diplomacy

Canada begins as a member of the Allies. Assuming the player intends to remain in the Allies (i.e., not leave the faction), the player may generally choose to leave diplomacy with United Kingdom and United States on autopilot. In most cases, those countries will be Canada's top trading partners without diplomatic effort on the player's part.

Politics

Canada begins the game with the democratic ideology under the leadership of Mackenzie King. Though there is very low support for these ideologies at the beginning of the game, it is possible to shift to fascist or communist ideology (joining the Axis awards the Canada First achievement in Ironman mode).

National spirits

If the Together for Victory expansion is active, Canada starts with the following National Spirits. Otherwise, Canada has no national spirits.

Great Depression

Consumer Goods Factories: 25%
Factory Output: −20%
Dockyard Output: -20%

Conscription Crisis among French Canadians

Recruitable Population Factor: −30%

Political parties

Political party	Ideology	Popularity	Party leader	Country name	Is ruling?
Liberal Party of Canada	Democratic	86%	Mackenzie King	Canada (Independent) / Dominion of Canada (Dominion)	Yes
Communist Party of Canada	Communist	0.88%	Tim Buck	Canada Popular State	No
National Unity Party	Fascist	0.88%	Adrien Arcand	Unitary Canada	No
Co-operative Commonwealth Federation	Non-Aligned	11%	J. S. Woodsworth	Province of Canada (Independent) / Dominion of Canada (Dominion)	No

Ministers and Design Companies

Political Advisors
Advisor	Type	Effect	Cost ()
Louis St. Laurent	Compassionate Gentleman	Improve relations opinion: +15% Has completed focus Forced Quebec Conscription	150
R. B. Bennett	Silent Workhorse	Political Power Gain: +15%	150
C.D. Howe	Captain of Industry	Civilian Factory construction speed: +10% Infrastructure construction speed: +10% Refinery construction speed: +10% Has completed focus Crown Corporations	50
Ian A. Mackenzie	Quartermaster General	Air Base construction speed: +15% Naval Base construction speed: +15% Rocket Site construction speed: +15% Radar Station construction speed: +15% Nuclear Reactor construction speed: +15%	150
Newton Wesley Rowell	Ideological Crusader	Same ideology monthly opinion: +100%	150
Léo Richer Laflèche	Popular Figurehead	Stability: +15%	150
James Ilsley	War Industrialist	Military Factory construction speed: +10% Dockyard construction speed: +10%	150
Robert Manion	Democratic Reformer	Daily Democracy Support: +0.10 Has completed one of the following focuses: Strengthen the Commonwealth Ties Permanent Joint Defense Board	150
William Kashtan	Communist Revolutionary	Daily Communism Support: +0.10 Has completed focus Burn the Royal Portraits	150
Chuck Crate	Fascist Demagogue	Daily Fascism Support: +0.10 Has completed focus Swastika Clubs	150
Patrick Campbell	Illusive Gentleman	Operative slots: +1 Agency upgrade time: -15% Has created an Intelligence Agency	150

Tank Designers
Designer	Type	Effect	Cost()
Vickers-Armstrong	Medium Tank Designer	Armor Research Time: -10 % Armor: Reliability: +5 % Soft Attack: +5 % By selecting this Design Company it will permanently affect capabilities on all equipment researched while they are hired.	150

Ship Designers
Designer	Type	Effect	Cost()
Kingston Shipbuilding Co	Pacific Fleet Designer	Naval Research Time: -10 % Carrier: Deck size: +25 % Armor: -15 % Max Range: +25 % Capital Ship: Max Range: +25 % Screen: Max Range: +25 % Submarine: Max Range: +25 % By selecting this Design Company it will permanently affect capabilities on all equipment researched while they are hired.	150
Halifax Shipyard Limited	Escort Fleet Designer	Naval Research Time: -10 % Screen: Max Range: +30 % Sub detection: +10 % Max Speed: +10 % Production Cost: +10 % By selecting this Design Company it will permanently affect capabilities on all equipment researched while they are hired.

Aircraft Designers
Designer	Type	Effect	Cost()
Canadian Car & Foundry	Light Aircraft Designer	Air Research Time: -10 % Fighter: Agility: +10 % Max Speed: +10 % Carrier Fighter: Agility: +10 % Max Speed: +10 % By selecting this Design Company it will permanently affect capabilities on all equipment researched while they are hired.	150
de Havilland Canada	Medium Aircraft Designer	Air Research Time: -10 % Heavy Fighter: Reliability: +20 % Tactical Bomber: Reliability: +20 % By selecting this Design Company it will permanently affect capabilities on all equipment researched while they are hired.	150
Handley Page	Heavy Aircraft Designer	Air Research Time: -10 % Strategic Bomber: Strategic Bombing: +10 % Has completed focus Cookie Carriers By selecting this Design Company it will permanently affect capabilities on all equipment researched while they are hired.	150
Fairchild Aircraft Ltd.	Naval Aircraft Designer	Air Research Time: -10 % Naval Bomber: Range: +10 % Naval Attack: +10 % CV Naval Bomber: Range: +10 % Naval Attack: +10 % Has completed focus Fund Fairchild's Development By selecting this Design Company it will permanently affect capabilities on all equipment researched while they are hired.	150

Materiel Designers
Designer	Type	Effect	Cost()
Small Arms Limited	Infantry Equipment Designer	Weapons and Equipment Research Time: -10 %	150
Motorization Company	Motorized Equipment Designer	Motorization Research Time: -10 %	150
Artillery Company	Artillery Designer	Artillery Research Time: -10 %	150
John Inglis and Company	Support Equipment Designer	Support Unit Research Time: -10 %	150

Industrial Concern
Designer	Type	Effect	Cost()
Industrial Company	Industrial Concern	Industrial Research Time: -10 %	150
Montreal Lab	Electronics Concern	Electronics Research Time: -10 %	150
Polymer Corporation	Refining Concern	Synthetic Resources Research Time: -10 % Industrial Research Time: -5 %	150

Theorists
Designer	Type	Effect	Cost()
Kenneth Stuart	Military Theorist	Army Experience Gain: +0.05 daily Land Doctrine Research Time: -7 %	150
Robert Leckie	Air Warfare Theorist	Air Experience Gain: +0.05 daily Air Doctrine Research Time: -7 %	150
George Volkoff	Nuclear Scientist	Nuclear Research Time: -7 %	150

Economy

Laws

Conscription Law	Economy Law	Trade Law
Volunteer Only 1.5% Recruitable population	Civilian Economy 35% Consumer Goods factories –30% Factory construction speed +30% Factory (type) conversion cost -40% Fuel Gain per Oil -25% Fuel Capacity	Export Focus 50% Resources to market +5% Research speed +10% Factory/Dockyard output +10% Construction speed +20% Civilian intelligence to others +10% Navy intelligence to others

With Together for Victory, Canada's conscription laws are restricted by its focuses:

Limited Conscription requires "Commit to the War"
Extensive Conscription requires "Commit to the War" and "If Day"
Service by Requirement and higher require either "Forced Quebec Conscription" or "Compromise with Quebec", both of which in turn have "Commit to the War", but not "If Day," as prerequisites.

Note that the Quebec conscription focuses are mutually exclusive with "War Fueled Economy," which completely removes the "Great Depression" modifier, although the modifier may be still be reduced through compatible focuses.

Industry & Resources

Resources
	Type	No.
	Aluminium	30
	Oil	2
	Steel	12

Industry
	Type	No.
	Civilian factory	13
	Military factory	5
	Naval dockyard	1

Industry: The Canadian economy begins with five military factories, one naval dockyard, and thirteen civilian factories. It is recommended that the player prioritize the construction of civilian factories and research concentrated industry technologies in order to maximize the country's performance. Due to Canada's relatively low manpower pool, the player may want to consider developing well-equipped and highly trained armies. Alternatively, Canada's manpower and industrial potential can lend itself to efficiently provide warships and air wings rather than substantial ground forces in order to further its war effort. While Canada has a reasonable number of natural resources, they are also typically insufficient to field large numbers of vehicles without relying on imports (particularly oil and rubber). As such, civilian factories will often play an important role for Canada because of their use in trade.

Military

Army
	Type	No.
	Infantry	8
	Cavalry	5
	Total divisions	13

Navy
	Type	No.
	Destroyer	2
	Total ships	2

Air force
	Type	No.
	Naval bomber	24
	Total planes	24

Army: While paling in comparison to the United States, Canada has a moderately-sized army in 1936, made up of eight District Militia divisions comprised of nine Infantry battalions each and five Cavalry Militia divisions comprised of three cavalry battalions each. While they lack any armor divisions, they do have a single 1934 Vickers Medium Mark II stockpiled and are producing more. Unfortunately, the army is extremely under-equipped, with divisions only armed with 30% of the infantry equipment needed to operate at full capacity, but their five military factories and steel industry allow them to quickly resupply. The only obstacle preventing Canada from producing a formidable fighting force early on is its low available manpower, which is at 14.77K in the beginning of 1936.

Navy: Canada's navy is very small, made up of only two 1922 Saguenay Class destroyers docked in Halifax.

Naval units list
Name	Type	Count	Techyear	Design note
S Class*	Destroyer		1922	DD battery I, TT I, DC I
Sanguenay Class	Destroyer	2	1922	DD battery II, TT Ix2
* marks a variant as "obsolescent".

Air force: Their air force is also small, composed of a single wing of 24 1936 Fairey Swordfish naval bombers stationed near Ottawa.

Military staff

These are the Military Staff candidates for appointment in the Dominion of Canada:

Chief of Army
Candidate	Type I	Type II	Effects	Cost ()
Harry Crerar	Old Guard		Army Experience Gain: -10 % Political Power Gain: +10 %	150
Andrew McNaughton	Army Offense	(Expert)	Division Attack: +10 %	150
George Pearkes	Army Defense	(Expert)	Division Defense: +10 %	150

Chief of Navy
Candidate	Type I	Type II	Effects	Cost ()
George Jones	Anti-Submarine	(Expert)	Submarine Detection: +15 %	150
Alasdair Murray	Commerce Raiding	(Expert)	Convoy Raiding Efficiency: +15 %	150
Percy W. Nelles	Decisive Battle	(Expert)	Capital Ship Attack: +10 % Capital Ship Armor: +10 % Screen Attack: +10 % Screen Defense: +10 %	150

Chief of Airforce
Candidate	Type I	Type II	Effects	Cost ()
Harold Edwards	Air Reformer	(Expert)	Air Experience Gain: +10 %	150
George Croil	Air Safety	(Expert)	Air Accidents Chance: -10 %	150
Lloyd Samuel Breadner	Air Superiority	(Expert)	Air superiority attack: +3 % Air superiority defense: +3 % Air superiority agility: +3 %	150
Raymond Collishaw	Air Combat Training	(Expert)	Ace generation chance: +10 %	150

Military High Command
Candidate	Type I	Type II	Effects	Cost ()
Guy Simonds	Artillery	(Expert)	Artillery Attack: +15 % Artillery Defense: +10 %	150
John Murchie	Armor	(Expert)	Armor Division Attack: +10 % Armor Division Defense: +10 %	150
Gino Verchiella	Air Superiority	(Expert)	Air superiority attack: +3 % Air superiority defense: +3 % Air superiority agility: +3 %	150
Frederick M. W. Harvey	Commando	(Expert)	Special forces Attack: +15 % Special forces Defense: +15 %	150

Flags

Flag of independent Canada (Communist)

Flag of independent Canada (Democratic)

Flag of independent Canada (Fascist)

Flag of independent/Dominion of Canada (Nonaligned)

Flag of the Dominion of Canada (Democratic)

Flag of the Dominion of Canada (Communist/Fascist)

Flag of the Dominion of North America

Strategies and guides

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Achievements

Braaaaains!

As Canada, complete the Send in the Zombies focus.

Canada First

Join Axis as Canada.

Rule Britannia

As any British Subject state, conquer all of Britain.

It's 1812 All Over Again

As Canada, take and hold Washington D.C.

Countries

Europe

Albania Austria Belgium Bulgaria Czechoslovakia Denmark Estonia Finland France Free France Vichy France German Reich Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Nationalist Spain Republican Spain Kingdom of Romania Slovakia Soviet Union Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom Yugoslavia

North America

Dominion of Canada Costa Rica Cuba Dominican Republic El Salvador Guatemala Haiti Honduras Mexico Nicaragua Panama United States

South America

Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Paraguay Peru Uruguay Venezuela

Asia	Afghanistan Bhutan British Malaya British Raj China Communist China Guangxi Clique Iran Iraq Japan Manchukuo Mengkukuo Mongolia Nepal Oman Philippines Saudi Arabia Shanxi Siam Sinkiang Tannu Tuva Tibet Xibei San Ma Yemen Yunnan